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The first phase of the census includes 4 hill states- Himachal Pradesh, Uttarakhand, Jammu and Kashmir and Ladakh.
The Ministry of Home Affairs has issued a notification for the census on Monday (June 16). The central government will make ethnic in two phases. According to the notification, the first phase will start from 1 October 2026. This includes 4 hill states- Himachal Pradesh, Uttarakhand, Jammu and Kashmir and Ladakh. The second phase will start from 1 March 2027. In this, census will start in the rest of the states of the country.
The Center announced to conduct ethnic census on 30 April 2025. This will be the first ethnic census in the country after independence. Union Minister Ashwini Vaishnav had said that the ethnic census will be done with the original census.
All the opposition parties, including the Congress, have been demanding caste census. The last census in the country took place in 2011. It is done every 10 years. Accordingly, the next census was to take place in 2021, but it was postponed due to the Kovid-19 epidemic.
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Socio-economic calculation was done in 2011, data not released The socio-economic and caste census was conducted in 2011 during the Manmohan Singh government. It was done by the Ministry of Rural Development, Urban Development Ministry and Ministry of Home Affairs. However, the data of this survey was never made public. The data of its SC-ST Households has been released on the website of the Ministry of Rural Development.
29 columns in census form, only SC-ST detail By 2011, there were a total of 29 columns in the census form. These were recorded only with questions like name, address, business, education, employment and migration. Now extra columns can be added to caste census.
Act has to be amended for counting of castes The Census Act 1948 provides for the calculation of SC-ST. It has to be amended to calculate OBC. This will reveal data from 2,650 castes of OBC. According to the 2011 census, there are 1,270 SC, 748 ST castes. In 2011, the SC population was 16.6% and ST was 8.6%.
Rahul has been demanding caste census
Leader of Opposition Rahul Gandhi first demanded caste census in 2023. After this, he has been demanding caste census from the Center on many meetings and forums in the country and abroad. See in the graphic below, when Rahul reiterated the demand for caste census-
Vaishnav said- Congress always opposed caste census Union Minister Vaishnav said, ‘Caste census was not done since 1947. Congress governments always opposed caste census. In 2010, the late Dr. Manmohan Singh had said that the matter of caste census should be considered in the cabinet. A group of ministers were formed to consider this subject. Most political parties recommended caste census. Despite this, the Congress government did not decide to conduct a caste survey or caste census.
When and when the demand for caste census is
- Many regional parties based on castes emerged in the 80s. These parties launched a campaign to provide reservation in government educational institutions and jobs. Meanwhile, on the basis of the number of castes, reservation was first demanded by BSP leader Kanshi Ram in UP.
- The Government of India formed the Mandal Commission on the issue of giving reservation to social and educationally backward castes in 1979. The Mandal Commission recommended reservation to the people of OBC. This recommendation was implemented by the then Prime Minister Vishwanath Pratap Singh in 1990. After this, general category students across the country staged fierce protests.
- In 2010, OBC leaders like Lalu Prasad Yadav and Mulayam Singh Yadav pressured the Manmohan government to conduct caste census. Along with this, Congress leaders of backward caste also wanted this.
- In 2011, the Manmohan government decided to conduct the Socio Economic Caste Census i.e. SECC.
- For this, a budget of Rs 4 thousand 389 crore was passed. This census was completed in 2013, but the data of castes has not been made public till date.
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